Carbon-cap-operating mechanism



Mar. 3. 1925.-

1,528,013 L. E. DOTY ET AL CARBON CAP OPERATING MEcHANlsM Filed Aug. e. 1921 4 sheets-sheet 1 Mar. 3. 1925.

1,528,013 L. E. DOTY ET AL CARBON GAP OPERATING MECHANISM I Filed Aug. 6, 1.921 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 /Vzsesk A u l l v [men/ions:

Mar. 3. 11925.

` 1,528,013 L. E. DOTY ET AL.

CARBON CAP OPERATING MEcHANlsM Filed Aug. 6, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 5' Iliff# aww/MA Mar. 3. 1925. 1,528,013

L. E. DOTY ET AL CARBON CP OPERATING MEGHANISM Filed Aug. 6, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Mar. 3, 1925.

Imran E. 'n'or'Y AND snot-@Gia LAMBE-rt'ron, or aniram, oH-Io.

ennnoN-cnnornantrme .lenen-Amen Appia-ation .ered Aug-'usr e, issn.

To al? 107mm it may concern. Y

Be it -kii'own that we, LEM-AN E. DoTYgand GEORGE LAMBERTON, 'citizensof the United States, and residents of Elyria, in the county of Lorain and State of Qhio, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Carbon Cap Operating Mechanisms, of which the following is a yspecication.

This invention relates to by-,product coke plants and more pa'rticularlyto freyersing mechanism lfor such plants, vand has for one of -i-ts objects the provision `of mechanism that will be entirely autoinati'cin operation.

Another object is to provide improved mechanism of this class forkfthe carbon caps of the ovens that will be so inter-locked with the gras cock and Vother Jrever-.sing mechanism "of the plants 'that -it will fat all times operate in .its proper-order. y n v Byfproduct coke plants are-heated by gas, which iows-throughmains ion each sidev efa battery ofovens, which sides are Aknownas coke sidef and fpusher side, respectively. The vgas -ows upwardly through suitable risers from the mains to each ovein rThe gas from the main.v on fthejcoke side is burned Vfor a. lperiod of time, then cut off the coke side and burned `from the main ont-he fpiisher side fora period, thusheating the ovens in the same manner as in ordinary reversiblc, regenerative heating funits. lThe reversals of the gas, air, and stack dainpers of the ovens 4have :heretofore been made automatically by -means of a clock to which -is connected timing mechanism, which actuates controls of motors operating machines Yfor making these reversals.

The connection between the r4gas riserand oven is made by agas gun, havingopenings for the entrance and exit of gas, and also an opening to `outside air, for the purpose of admitting air into the ga's flues in the ovens when the .gas is on at the other -side of the battery. This opening is covered by a tight fitting cap commonly called the carbon cap. The carbon caps on the `,individual ovens are connected-so that all Athe-carbon caps on each Vside of a battery areseated Aor raisedjtogether. 'These carbon caps have heretofore been manually operated. -The carbon caps on either side must be closed before `gas is admitted to the .gas guns on that side, `since if they are vnotgas will escape into the air, become ignited-'and cause serious Yhres and explosions. To Vovercome this danger, the manually operated carbon caps Serial No. 490,263.

have been electrically interloclred with the gas reversingmechanism, so that gas Could vnot be turnedon when the carbon caps were 4not seated. However, when the time arrived for a reversal of the gas, if the operator had not `closed the carbon caps on the proper side, the reversing operation would not be completed, which resulted in irregular heating of the ovens, and in damage of the ovens, and deterioration in the quality of coke produced. The Yinterlock with the gas valve, however, does not prevent the operator opening the carbon caps before all oi' the gas has left the mains, and, as has often happened, it' the/operator opens the carbon caps too sOonaf-ter cutting oil the gas 'from that side of the ovens, enough gas remains in the gas gun and oven iue to cause explosions which damage the oven brick, seals, and the gas gun. y n

The rpresent invention provides for an automatic `mechanism for operating the carbon caps, which mechanism is so interlocked with vthe other reversing mechanisms, that it must be performed in the proper order and 'at t-lie proper time, thus eliminating all difficulties of the prior constructions.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation of the pusher and lcoke sides of a battery of coke ovens.

Figures 2, 2A and 2B are diagrams of the circuits necessary to automatically opeiate the several reversing mechanisms, all three of these figures being interiitting so that complete circuits may be followed.

Referring particularly to the diagrammatic showing of Figure l, the numerals 2 and 3 designate the .gas mains for the pusher and coke sides of a battery, respectively, which are connected to the respective ovens by risers t and 5, respectively.

Each of the risers connects with an oven gas gun 6, one of which is provided for each oven and serves to distribute the gas in the oven flues. Gas valves -7 are .mounted in each of the risers d and 5, and all other valves 7 on each of the respective sides of the battery are connected together hv cables 8 and r8a, and operated by cock machines 9 and .l0 for the pusher and Acoke sides, respectively,

Each of the gas guns 6 is provided with an air inlet port closed by a tightly iitting carbon cap 1l, and the caps on each of the respective sides of the battery are connected together .by cables -l2 and l2", and

operated by carbon cap machines 13 and 14 for the pusher and coke sides respectively.

The gas mains 2 and 3 are supplied with gas from a gas tank 15 through a main 16.

A stack flue 17 extends along both sides of the ovens and is provided with air stand pipes 18 having covers or valves 19 adapted to be opened on the burning side of the ovens and closed on the opposite side. Dampers 20 are mounted in the iiue 17 and are adapted to be lowered toclosed position to shut 0E the iiue from the stack on the side of the ovens being Fired, and raised to open the flue to the stack on the opposite side. 1t is essential that the valves 19 and stack flue dampers be operated'simultaneously, therefore they all areoperated by the one reversing'machine 21, the valves 19 and 2O on the pusher side Vof the ovens being connected by one cable 22 to the machine 21, and the valves 19 and damper 2O on the coke side of the ovens being connected by a cable 23 to the machine 21. The cables 22 and Si are wra) ed around a sinOle drum in the ma- 2D chine 21, and therefore the operation of the valves 19 and dampers 20 on the pusher and coke sides is simultaneous.

The several reversing machines are of common and well known construction, and

therefore will not be gone into in detail,

since their construction does not form a part of this invention. lt will be noted, however, that each of the reversing machines 9, 10, 13, 14, and 21 are electrically driven by motors built into and forming an integral part of the machines. V

A time clock 25 is provided for each battery of ovens and is adapted to make a circuit to the timing device 2G, having a timing drum which is provided with a plurality of contacts a, ZJ, c, d, c, and f, whlch is electrically driven by a motor 40 forming a' part of the timing device.

The time clock 25 is provided with a plrr rality of cams 32, 33, 34, anc 35 adapted to actuate contactors 36, 37, 38 and 39, respecu tively, to make and break circuits to be hereinafter described. y

The mechanical operation of the parts thus far described are as follows: i-issuming that the gas is burning on the pusher Aside of a battery, the parts on the pusher side would be in the following posit-ions, the carbon caps 11 would be closed, the gas cocks or valves 7 would be open, the air valves 19 would be open, and the stack damper 20 would be closed. The position of the parts on the coke side of the battery would be the reverse from the pusher side,v That is.

the carbon caps 11 would be open, the gas cocks or valves 7 would be closed, and the stack damper 2O would be open.

W hen reversin@ the followino' order is fol' lowed: First the carbon caps 11 on the eolie side are closed; second, the .gas cocks or ving the contactor 57.

is opened. Also the air valves 19 on theV coke side are opened and the damper 2O on the coke side is closed; fourth, the gas cocks or valves 7 on the coke side are opened, and fifth, after an -interval of three to five minutes, the carbon caps 11 on the pusher side are opened. All of the above operations are automatic and must follow in the prescribed order or the complete reif'er'sal will stop, due to the novel interlock features which ywill be clearly brought out in the description of ythe wiring diagram which follows: V Y

Referring to'the wiring diagram of Figures 2, 2A'and 2B, the position of the timing 'and' starting apparatus is suchY that a reversal is about to be started, and assuming that the gas is on the pusher side and about to be reversed to the coke side, as described above.

The timing clock 25 will move the cam 33 far enough-to allow contactor 37 to close, which Awill close a master timingV circuit from the plus side of switch 42, through wire 43, cable 44, wire 45, contacts 46, wire 47, contact 48, wire 49,' contact `50, wire 51, cable 44, wire 52, to-contactor 37, through contacter 37, wire 53, contacts 54, and 55,011 the timing` drum of the timing device to wire 56, through one-half of a double magnet coil of ardouble coil, contactor 57 to wire 58, to the minus side of switch 42 thus clos- Closing of contactor 57 closes the armature circuit of the'timing motor 40, thusV setting the-timing device 26 in motion to open and close contacts c to f inclusive of the timing drum. Ahe circuit for the timing motor is as follows: F rom the plus side` of switch 42 through wire 59, to one side of the armature of motor 40, through the armature to'wire 60, through the contactor 57 to wire 58 to the minus side of the switch 42.. l e

As shown, the contact a on the timing drum would be the first to close and the subsequent operation will be now traced for one cycle or one reversal of gas.

Closing of the contact or switch a completes a circuitV from wire 52 through the contact ct to wire 61, cable 62, wire 63, cable G4, wire to the limit switch 66 (Fig. 2B) for carbon cap machine 14. The circuit is now through the two top contacts 67, and 68 of this switch, through wire 69 to the magnet coil of magnetic switch 76 on the controller for carbon cap machine motor 70a, through the magnet coil to wire 71 to the minus side of the line.,k The above cirf cuit will causevswitch 7 0 to close and make a circuit to the armature 72 of the motor 70a of carbon cap machine 14 as follows: From' plus Aside of line through wire 73,

'image1-3 'swtch 76, wire 74.-, armature 72, wire '75 to minus side oft line, thus lcausing the Acarbon cap 'machine meterte operate to close the carbon caps 11 on "the coke side of the battery.

The motor a of lcarbon cap machine 14 will continue to operate until the 'limit switch '66 has moved `from the position indicatedby dotted lines 1 1'to position 2 2, or in other words until the contacts on the line are Aunder the ingers of the limit switch instead of `the contacts on the line 1 1. When the switch G6 'has reachedthis new position `the circuit from wfre `52 to the magnetic coil of switch 70 will be broken through wire '69, tlc-'energizing the coil et switch 70, and allowing said switch to open, thus breaking the circuit to the armature 72 of the motor et lcarbon cap machine let. 1t will, of course, be understood that the switch 66 is so positioned and adjusted that when the motor of carbon cap vmachine stops, the carbon caps 11 will be closed.

As vsoon as the carbon cap limit switch 66 has moved from the 'position indicated by the dotted lines 1 1 to the position 2 2, a circuit will be Vestablished from wire 65 tl'ireu'gh the third pair et contacts 80 and S1, troni the top oi' switch 66 through ywire 82 to the top pair of contacts 83 and 81 on the gas cock limit switch 85, through wire 8F, cable 8T, wire 88 to magnet Icoil of inagnetic contacter 89 et the. control/ler for 'motor 90 et gas cock machine 9, then through the coil of contacter 89'to w're 91, to area et resistance starter 90 `and to wire 97, to the minus side et line. The energizing of 'contacter 89 will cause said contacter to clos-c, completing a circuit to the armature ett gas cock meter 90, et gas cock machine 9, 'from plus side et line through wire 92, through contacter 89, and wire 93, to one side ei the arn'iature 9430i motor 90, then through the arn'iatzure 94 to 'wire 95 through a rcsstance type star-ter 96 and wire 97 rto minus side of line.

The above circuit being complete, gas cock motor 90 will operateuntil limit switch moves from position indicated bv dotted lines 1 1 to posit-ion' 2 2, at which time gas cock motor will stop, due te breaking et the circuit to the magnetic contacter S9, which cle-energizes said contacter lcausing it te break the circuit to the motor armature. Switch 85. however, is so adjusted and positioned that all the gas cocks operated by the machine 9 will have been closed when the motor stops.

During the operations, the timing drum et the timing mechanism has been continuously revolving and has reached point where contact or switch b is about to close. Closing oit the contact b, will make a circuit from wire 52 through contact b, to wire 9S cable 02, wire cable 64, wire '100 to vtacts 123 105, then through wire 125 to tourth pair '130, the circuit is through wire 1` 10G, to wire 107, cable 87, wire 1087 contacter 109 on controller for motor 110 et 'reversing machine 21, through coil ot contaeter 109 to wire 112, through arm et resistance type starter 113 to wire v114i to minus side et line.

The above circuit will cause the energiyzation of the coil et contacter 109, vthus closing the contacter and making a circuit to the reversing machine motor 110 as tollows: Frein plus side of line `through wire 115, I'through contacter` 109 vto wire 116 to one side of the motor armature, through the armature to vwire 117 to the resistance of resistance type starter 113 to the arm of said starter, through the said arm to wire 114; to minus side of line.

Reversing motor 1110 will continue to operate until its limit switch 105 has moved from the position indicated b v dotted lines 1 1 to position 2 2 when the control circuit to the contacter 109 will be broken, cle-energizing the coil et' said ycontacter and allowing it to open. Then the contacter 109 opens it will break the circuit trom the plus side et the linc to the motor 110 and, therefore. the motor will stop. The switch 105 is se arranged and 4adjusted that the position et the air valves 19 and stack dainpers 20 will bercversed 'when the circuit is broken to motor 110.

its the vtiming drum continues to rotate, the switch er contact C will close.y making a circuit from thc wire through the switch C, to wire 120, te cable te wire 121, te cable G4, to wire 122, to third pair et cenand 121, from top et limit switch et contacts 126 and 127 on limit switch 66. From rthe contacts 12C and 12T ot limit switch 0S, the circuit is through wire 128 to the two top contacts 129, 130.y oit limit switch 131 for gas cock machine 10; 'trom contact cable S7, wire 133, to coil ot contacter 134; en controller tor the motor 135 et gas cock machine 10, thence through the coil et contacter 1514; te wire 136. to the arm of a resistance type starter 13?. to wire 139.` and to minus side et line.

The abev circuit will energize the centactor 134; causing it to close and complete a circuit te the motor 135 as follows: Frein the plus side oat line through wire 139, through contacter' 13. to wire 140, te one side of the armature of motor 185, through the arniature to wire 141, to the resistance of resistance ltype starter 187, to the arin of said starter andthrough wire 138 to minus side of line.

The motor 135 of gas cock machine 1() will continue to operate until the limit switch 131 has moved from the position indicated by dotted lines 1 1 to position 2 2, thus breaking the circuit to, and cle-energizing contacter 134, which will open, breaking the circuit to the moto-r.

The reversal is now complete, with th exception of the operation of the carbon cap `machine 13, which must still operate to open the carbon caps 11 on the pusher` side of the battery.

VVhen thegas cock limit switch 131 has moved from position indicated by dotted lines 1 1 to position 2 2 a circuit path is completed to the controller for carbon cap mo-tor 145, with .the exception of the contacts or switch 38 operated by cam 35 as follows: From contact or switch 38 to wire 146, to third pair of contacts 14'? and 148, from top of limit switch 131, to wire 149 to contacts 15() and 151 of limit switch 152 o-n controller for carbon cap motor 145,through the coil of contacter 154 to wire 155, to minus side of line.

rlhe above circuit remains broken at the switch 38 until the cam 35 is moved suiiiciently by the clock to allow said switch to close, which cam will operate about three minutes or longer if desired, after the other reversals have all been made, thus giving time for all gas to leave the mains on that side. As soon as switch 38 closes, the circuit is completed from the plus side of line through the switch 38 and above described path, and the coil of magnetic contactor 154 is energized, thus closing contacter 154 and completing a circuit to motor 145 from plus side of line as follows: From plus side f line through wire 158 to contactor 154, through contacter 154 to wire 159, to one side of the armature of motor 145, through the armature of motor 145 to wire 160 to minus side of line. l Y The motor 145 will continue to run until carbon cap limit switch 152 has moved from the position indicated by dotted lines 1 1 to position 2 2 at which time the circuit will be brokenV to the coil of magnetic contacter 154, thus cle-energizing said coil and causing the contactor to open and break the circuit to the motor 145. A

During the above operations, the timing drum of the timi ng device continues to revolve until the sliding contact 54 passes beyond its finger, thereby breaking the circuit to the coil of contactor 57. However, when the circuit is broken by the movement of contactor 54, it is again made in the reverse direction by sliding contact 161 through wire 162 to switch 36 adapted to be actuated by cam 32 when the next reversal is started.

The time clock 25 will actuate t-he cams 32 and 34 about thirty minutes after the carbon cap machine 13 has stopped operating. EX'

actly the same operation as described above will take place only in the reverse order, that is, the cam 32 will actuate switch 36 to make a circuit to the timing motor and said motor will drive the timing mechanism so as to close the switches or contacts (Z, e, and f, of the timing drum to make the several circuits above described to the several reversing motors, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. It will, of course, be understood, as explained above, that the circuit to the cam operated switches of the clock 25 through contacts 54 and 55 is broken and a new circuit established through contacts 55, 161 and wire 162 to the cam operated switches. Y

r1`he reverse order of operation will be first to make the circuit to carbon cap motor, then to gas rcock motor, then to reversing machine motor 110, then to gas cock motor 90, and lastly to carbon cap motor a.

The above detailed description of one apparatus and one complete cycle of operation of the improved-apparatus is described as it actually takes place in practice, and it will be understood that we do not wish to be limited thereto, since various modifications may be made in the apparatus and the operations without departing from the spirit of our invention as defined in the appended claims,

Vile claim 1. The combination with a battery of byproduct coke ovens .having-the usual fuelgas cocks, air valves and carbon caps, of separate electrically operated means for opening and closing'said fuel gas cocks, air valves and carbon caps, means for automatically making the circuits to said first named means, said last named means including a timing mechanism and circuit interlocking elements, said timing mechanism being so arranged that said fuel gas cocks, air valves and carbon caps will operate at separate times in a certain prescribed order, and said interlocking elements being adapted to prevent the making of the circuitsvto any of said first named mea-nsupon the failure of the circuit to the preceding one of said means in order.

2. The combination witha battery of byproduct coke ovens having the usual fuel gas cocks, air valves, carbon caps, of electrically operated separate gas cocks, carbon caps and reversing machines for opening and closing the gas cock, carbon cap and air valves, respectively, means for automatically making the circuits to said machines, said means including a timing mechanism and circuit interlocking elements, said timing mechanism being arranged and operated to cause the circuits to said cock, carbon cap and reversing machines to be made at separate times in a prescribed orderJ and said interlocking elc-v mentsbeing adapted to reventthe making of the circuit to said mac lines upon the failure of the circuit to the preceding machine in order.

3. The combination with a battery of byproduct coke ovens having the usual fuel gas cocks, carbon caps, reversing dampers, and air valves arranged on both the pusher and coke sides thereof, of electrically operated gas cock and carbon cap machines for opening and closing said gas cocks and carbon caps, respectively, and an electrically operated reversing machine for opening and closing said air valves and said dempers, means 15 for automatically making the circuits to 

